Adv Quant: General Linear Regression Model in R

Introduction

A goal for this post is to convert the dataset to a dataframe for analysis and performing a regression on the state.x77 dataset.

Results

IP1.5F1.png

Figure 1: Scatter plot matrix of the dataframe state.x77.  The red box illustrates the relationship that is personally identified for further analysis.

IP1.5F2.PNG

IP1.5F3.png

Figure 2: Scatter plot of murder rates versus illiteracy rates across the united states, with the linear regression function of illiteracy = 0.11607 * Murder + 0.31362; with a correlation of 0.729752.

Discussion

This post analyzes the dataset state.x77 under the MASS R library, was converted into a data frame (see code section), and an analysis of the data was conducted.  To identify which variable relationship would be interesting to conduct a regression on this dataset, all the relationships within the data frame were plotted in a matrix (Figure 1).  The relationship that personally seemed interesting was the relationship between illiteracy and murder.  Thus, moving forward with these variables a simple linear regression was conducted on that data.  It was determined that there is a positive correlation on this data of 0.729752, and the relationship between the data is defined by

illiteracy = 0.11607 * Murder + 0.31362                                        (1)

From this equation that describes the relationship (Figure 2) between these variables, can explain, 53.25% of the variance between these variables. Both the intercept value and the regression weight are statistically significant at the 0.01 level, meaning that there is less than a 1% chance that this relationship could be developed from pure random chance (R output between Figure 1 & 2).  In conclusion, this data is stating that states with lower illiteracy rates will have the least amount of murder rates in their state, and vice versa. 

Code

#

## Converting a dataset to a dataframe for analysis.

#

library(MASS)             # Activate the MASS library

library(nutshell)         # Activate the nutshell library to access the plot function

data()                    # Lists all data and datasets within the Mass Library

data(state)               # Data in question is located in state

head(state.x77)           # Print out the top five entries of state.x77

df= data.frame(state.x77) # Convert the state.x77 data into a dataframe

#

## Regression formulation

#

plot(df)                                           # Scatter plot matrix, of all relationships between the variables in the df

stateRegression = lm(Illiteracy~Murder, data= df)  # Selecting this relationship for further analysis

summary(stateRegression)                           # Plotting a summary of the regression data

# Plotting a scatterplot from a dataframe below

plot(df$Murder, df$Illiteracy, type=”p”, main=”Illiteracy rates vs Murder rates”, xlab=”Murder”, ylab=”Illiteracy”)           # Plotting a scatterplot from a dataframe

abline(lm(Illiteracy~Murder, data= df), col=”red”) # Plotting a red regression line

cor(df$Murder, df$Illiteracy)

References

Leave a Reply

Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in:

Gravatar
WordPress.com Logo

You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ( Log Out /  Change )

Facebook photo

You are commenting using your Facebook account. ( Log Out /  Change )

Cancel

Connecting to %s

%d bloggers like this: